Actually most of the more advanced college level math courses don't require a calculator. I rarely had any need for a calculator when I was studying for my masters degree in mathematics. Most of the courses are theoretical theorem/proof oriented and are about understanding conceptualizations and involve constructing logical arguments as opposed to performing intensive numerical calculations.
Most of the recent undergraduate level MIT courses that I audited are no harder than when I was taking them decades ago. Virtually all of the fundamental theorems are the same. In fact I found some of them easier then when I was taking them as many of the teachers have embellished new approaches to clarify some of the more difficult ideas making it easier for students to grasp them.
Then again it depends on the school, the teacher, etc. Since I don;t know what you mean by math 123, 143, 201, 202 I have no way of knowing what topics you covered. Different schools have different designations for their course numbers.